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Crenellated guardhouse, 1846 model
The crenellated guardhouses of the 1846 model (''corps de garde crénelés modèle 1846'') were gun-batteries built along the coast of France as the result of a standardisation of coastal-defence redoubts during the reign of Louis-Philippe of France. This standardisation came as an attempt to complete the defensive chain begun by Napoleon in 1811 with his model towers, left incomplete on his abdication in 1814. A mixed coastal armament commission set up in 1841 defined 3 types of work, known as crenellated guardhouses, crenellated towers and model-redoubt with defensive barracks.〔Fortifications littorales : les réduits de batterie de côte modèle "1846" ou modifié modèle "1846–1861" et casernes défensives, sur l'inventaire général,
http://patrimoine.region-bretagne.fr/main.xsp?execute=show_document&id=MERIMEEIA29002284, consulté le 16 juin 2011〕 Along with the construction of the battleship ''La Gloire'', they represent part of a 20 year trend of French naval and coastal re-armament, to which the United Kingdom eventually responded by building its own steam battleship (''Warrior'') and its own coastal defence chain (the Palmerston Forts) during the 1860s.
==Crenellated guardhouses==
Around 150 crenellated guardhouses were built.〔
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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